{"id":4212,"date":"2026-02-01T15:29:42","date_gmt":"2026-02-01T07:29:42","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/?p=4212"},"modified":"2026-01-15T15:30:45","modified_gmt":"2026-01-15T07:30:45","slug":"%e5%b0%be%e7%ba%a4%e6%bf%80%e5%85%89%e4%ba%8c%e6%9e%81%e7%ae%a1%e4%b8%8e-pm-%e5%85%89%e7%ba%a4%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%85%88%e8%bf%9b%e5%85%89%e6%9c%ba%e7%94%b5%e5%b7%a5%e7%a8%8b","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/zh\/%e5%b0%be%e7%ba%a4%e6%bf%80%e5%85%89%e4%ba%8c%e6%9e%81%e7%ae%a1%e4%b8%8e-pm-%e5%85%89%e7%ba%a4%e9%9b%86%e6%88%90%e4%b8%ad%e7%9a%84%e5%85%88%e8%bf%9b%e5%85%89%e6%9c%ba%e7%94%b5%e5%b7%a5%e7%a8%8b-html","title":{"rendered":"\u5c3e\u7ea4\u6fc0\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1\u548c PM \u5149\u7ea4\u96c6\u6210\u4e2d\u7684\u5148\u8fdb\u5149\u673a\u7535\u5de5\u7a0b"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u8fde\u63a5\u67b6\u6784\uff1a\u5b9a\u4e49\u73b0\u4ee3\u5c3e\u7ea4\u6fc0\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6fc0\u5149\u4ece\u534a\u5bfc\u4f53\u7ed3\u8fc7\u6e21\u5230\u67d4\u6027\u5149\u6ce2\u5bfc\u662f\u5149\u5b50\u5b66\u4e2d\u8981\u6c42\u6700\u9ad8\u7684\u754c\u9762\u4e4b\u4e00\u3002\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9ad8\u7cbe\u5ea6\u5236\u9020\u5546\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u4e00\u4e2a \u5e26\u5f15\u7ebf\u6fc0\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1<\/strong> \u5b83\u8fdc\u4e0d\u6b62\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u7b80\u5355\u7684\u8fde\u63a5\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u800c\u662f\u4e00\u4e2a\u96c6\u6210\u7684\u5149\u673a\u7535\u7ec4\u4ef6\uff0c\u53ef\u5728\u5de8\u5927\u7684\u6e29\u5ea6\u68af\u5ea6\u548c\u673a\u68b0\u5e94\u529b\u4e0b\u4fdd\u6301\u4e9a\u5fae\u7c73\u5bf9\u51c6\u3002\u65e0\u8bba\u6211\u4eec\u8ba8\u8bba\u7684\u662f \u5355\u6a21\u5149\u7ea4\u8026\u5408\u5149\u6536\u53d1\u5668\u6a21\u5757<\/strong> \u7535\u4fe1\u6216 PM \u5149\u7ea4\u8026\u5408\u6fc0\u5149\u5668<\/strong> \u5bf9\u4e8e\u76f8\u5e72\u4f20\u611f\u6765\u8bf4\uff0c\u57fa\u672c\u6311\u6218\u4ecd\u7136\u662f\uff1a\u5982\u4f55\u6700\u5927\u9650\u5ea6\u5730\u63d0\u9ad8\u9ad8\u53d1\u6563\u692d\u5706\u6fc0\u5149\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e0e\u5149\u7ea4\u7a84\u73af\u5f62\u6a21\u5f0f\u4e4b\u95f4\u7684\u91cd\u53e0\u79ef\u5206\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

In the industrial sector, the shift toward “fiber-ready” modules has been driven by the need for remote delivery, where the heat-generating laser source can be isolated from the sensitive application head. However, this convenience introduces a critical failure point\u2014the pigtail interface. Understanding the physics of this coupling and the engineering rigor required to stabilize it is essential for any OEM building high-reliability systems. This article explores the component-level decisions that dictate the long-term stability and total cost of ownership of these modules.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u6ce2\u5bfc\u7269\u7406\u5b66\uff1a\u6a21\u5f0f\u573a\u5339\u914d\u548c\u8026\u5408\u6548\u7387<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u6bcf\u4e2a \u5c3e\u7ea4\u6fc0\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1<\/a><\/strong> is the principle of mode matching. An edge-emitting diode typically features a “fast axis” with a divergence of 30\u201340 degrees and a “slow axis” of 8\u201310 degrees. Conversely, a single-mode fiber (SMF) has a symmetric Numerical Aperture (NA) and a specific Mode Field Diameter (MFD).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

To achieve high coupling efficiency, manufacturers must employ transform optics\u2014typically aspheric or acylindrical lenses\u2014to circularize the beam and match its waist to the fiber’s MFD. If the MFD of the focused spot is larger than that of the fiber core, the light is lost to the cladding. If it is smaller, the beam diverges too quickly within the fiber, leading to loss. For a \u5355\u6a21\u5149\u7ea4\u8026\u5408\u5149\u6536\u53d1\u5668\u6a21\u5757<\/a><\/strong>, \u5373\u4f7f\u662f 100 \u7eb3\u7c73\u7684\u6a2a\u5411\u504f\u79fb\u4e5f\u4f1a\u5bfc\u81f4 10% \u7684\u8026\u5408\u529f\u7387\u635f\u5931\uff0c\u8fd9\u8868\u660e\u88c5\u914d\u8fc7\u7a0b\u9700\u8981\u6781\u9ad8\u7684\u7cbe\u5ea6\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

PM \u5149\u7ea4\u8026\u5408\u6fc0\u5149\u5668\u5de5\u7a0b\uff1a\u504f\u632f\u5b8c\u6574\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u5bf9\u4e8e\u9700\u8981\u7a33\u5b9a\u504f\u632f\u7684\u5e94\u7528\uff0c\u5982\u5e72\u6d89\u6d4b\u91cf\u6cd5\u6216\u5149\u7ea4\u9640\u87ba\u4eea\uff0c\u53ef\u4ee5\u4f7f\u7528 PM \u5149\u7ea4\u8026\u5408\u6fc0\u5149\u5668<\/a><\/strong> is the gold standard. Polarization-Maintaining (PM) fibers use internal stress members (like PANDA or Bow-tie rods) to create a high degree of birefringence. This birefringence creates a “slow axis” and a “fast axis,” where the refractive index differs slightly.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u65cb\u8f6c\u7cbe\u5ea6\u548c\u6d88\u5149\u6bd4<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The primary performance metric here is the Polarization Extinction Ratio (PER). To achieve a high PER (typically >20dB), the manufacturer must align the laser\u2019s linear polarization vector with the fiber\u2019s slow axis. This rotational alignment is performed using a high-precision polarimeter while the fiber is actively rotated in the pigtail mount. A rotational error of just 1 degree can degrade the PER by several decibels, leading to “polarization noise” that can render a sensing system useless.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u8fab\u5b50\u4e0a\u7684\u538b\u529b\u7ba1\u7406<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u7528\u4e8e\u56fa\u5b9a\u6c38\u78c1\u5149\u7ea4\u7684\u65b9\u6cd5\u540c\u6837\u81f3\u5173\u91cd\u8981\u3002\u4f20\u7edf\u7c98\u5408\u5242\u5728\u56fa\u5316\u8fc7\u7a0b\u4e2d\u4f1a\u5bf9\u5149\u7ea4\u65bd\u52a0\u4e0d\u5bf9\u79f0\u7684\u538b\u529b\uff0c\u5f15\u8d77\u5c40\u90e8\u53cc\u6298\u5c04\u53d8\u5316\uff0c\u4ece\u800c\u610f\u5916\u5730\u65cb\u8f6c\u504f\u632f\u6001\u3002\u5148\u8fdb\u7684 \u4e0b\u5348 \u5149\u7ea4\u8026\u5408\u6fc0\u5149\u5668<\/a><\/strong> modules utilize stress-free mounting techniques and laser-welding of the ferrule to ensure that the polarization remains “locked” throughout the product’s lifespan.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u5236\u9020\u4e25\u8c28\u6027\uff1a\u4e3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u9f50\u548c\u8ffd\u6c42\u4e9a\u5fae\u7c73\u7a33\u5b9a\u6027<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u751f\u4ea7 \u5c3e\u7ea4\u6fc0\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1<\/strong> \u4e00\u822c\u5206\u4e3a\u4e24\u79cd\u65b9\u6cd5\uff1a\u88ab\u52a8\u5bf9\u51c6\u548c\u4e3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u51c6\u3002\u88ab\u52a8\u5bf9\u51c6\u6cd5\uff08\u4f7f\u7528\u89c6\u89c9\u7cfb\u7edf\u548c\u9ad8\u516c\u5dee\u52a0\u5de5\uff09\u9002\u7528\u4e8e\u5177\u6709\u5927\u82af\u7684\u591a\u6a21\u5149\u7ea4\uff0c\u4f46\u5bf9\u4e8e\u5355\u6a21\u6216 PM \u5149\u7ea4\u5219\u4e0d\u591f\u9002\u7528\u3002.<\/p>\n\n\n

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\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u4e3b\u52a8\u5bf9\u9f50\u73af\u8def<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u9ad8\u6027\u80fd \u5c3e\u7ea4\u6fc0\u5149\u4e8c\u6781\u7ba1<\/strong> manufacturing relies on active alignment. The laser is powered on, and the fiber\u2014mounted on a 6-axis piezo-electric nanoprocessing stage\u2014is moved in a “spiral search” pattern to find the absolute peak of coupled power. Once the peak is located, the system performs a multi-dimensional optimization to ensure the fiber is at the correct Z-focal depth and X-Y center.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u7a33\u5b9a\uff1a\u6fc0\u5149\u710a\u63a5\u4e0e\u73af\u6c27\u6811\u8102<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

The choice of how to “fix” the fiber in place determines the module’s thermal drift.<\/p>\n\n\n\n