{"id":4208,"date":"2026-02-08T15:15:07","date_gmt":"2026-02-08T07:15:07","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/?p=4208"},"modified":"2026-01-26T13:22:38","modified_gmt":"2026-01-26T05:22:38","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/ar\/%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%aa%d8%ad%d9%84%d9%8a%d9%84-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d9%8a-%d9%84%d8%a3%d9%86%d8%b8%d9%85%d8%a9-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85%d9%82%d8%aa%d8%b1-2","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 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(\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a) \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a (TE) \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 (PER) \u0633\u0648\u0641 \u062a\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0639\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0637\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u062d\u062f \u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0636 \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 35 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627. \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u060c \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 PER \u0645\u0646 20 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 25 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a <strong><a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/product-category\/single-mode-fiber-coupled-laser-module\"   title=\"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"538\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0631\u0648\u0646 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\u0633\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0623\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629\u201d\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0628\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0648\u0627\u064a\u0627:<\/strong> \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 PM. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0637\u0631\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0645\u0627\u0626\u0644\u0627\u064b\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0625\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0631\u201d\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u063a\u0648\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631: \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0636\u0648\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a 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\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong>, \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0621 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642\u201d \u0648\u201c\u0627\u0644\u0641\u062d\u0635\u201d. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u062f 1000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0629 \u062a\u0634\u062e\u064a\u0635 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0633\u0637\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644 (MTTF) \u064a\u0628\u0644\u063a 100000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ol start=\"1\" class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645:<\/strong> \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0627\u0634\u0641 \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0631\u0637\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0644\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u064a.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u062a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u201c\u0644\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 PM.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a:<\/strong> \u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u0629 (FOG)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0644\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 (AUVs). \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0645\u0636\u063a\u0648\u0637 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u062d\u062c\u0645 1550 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0645\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633 \u062c\u064a\u0631\u0648\u0633\u0643\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 (FOG).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u0631\u0627\u0634\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0636\u062e\u0645\u0629 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0628\u064a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u063a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0644\u0642\u062f \u062d\u0627\u0648\u0644\u0648\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u064b\u0627. \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 FOG \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 PER \u0648\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0646\u0633\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 (RIN) \u0644\u0644\u0643\u0634\u0641 \u0639\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 Sagnac \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a 1:<\/strong> \u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 PER &gt; 22 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a 2:<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 &lt; 1% \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 0 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 50 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a 3:<\/strong> \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u062d\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 (\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 &lt; 25 \u0645\u0645).<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0651\u0646:<\/strong> \u0645\u062a\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 1550 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 <a class=\"wpil_keyword_link\" href=\"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/product-category\/single-mode-fiber-coupled-laser-module\"   title=\"\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646\u0629 \u0628\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0623\u062d\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0637\" data-wpil-keyword-link=\"linked\"  data-wpil-monitor-id=\"539\">\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 PM<\/a>.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641:<\/strong> PM1550 (PANDA) \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u0632\u0646 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a 900 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0637\u0641\u0627\u0641:<\/strong> \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u0646 6 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0621.<\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a:<\/strong> 3 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>\u062d\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 (QC):<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0642\u0645\u0646\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630 \u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u062d\u0635 100% \u0644\u0640 \u201c\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0636 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629\u201d. \u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0647\u0627. \u062a\u0645 \u0631\u0641\u0636 \u0623\u064a \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u062a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u201c\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639\u201d \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0646 -20 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0623\u064a \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0636\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u062e\u0635\u0627\u0626\u0635 \u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0636\u0627\u0621 \u0644\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 RIN.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0635\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>\u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u062d \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0636\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 60%. \u0648\u0642\u062f \u0648\u0641\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0647\u062a\u0632\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0636\u0645\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0637\u0629 PM \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 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\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/strong><\/td><td>18 - 25 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644<\/td><td>20 - 30 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0628\u0644<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0628\u062f\u062f \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a<\/td><td>TEC \u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0631\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0645\u062c<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0646\u0645\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628<\/strong><\/td><td>\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062b\u0642\u0628 \u0623\u0648 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u0648\u0631<\/td><td>\u0628\u0631\u063a\u064a \u0644\u0623\u0633\u0641\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 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(\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631)<\/td><td>\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 (\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645\/\u0645\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0645)<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629<\/strong><\/td><td>1.0 (\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633)<\/td><td>2.5 &#8211; 4.0<\/td><\/tr><tr><td><strong>\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td><td>\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u060c FOGs<\/td><td>\u0623\u062f\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 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