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\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648\u0648\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0642\u0637\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u0631\u062f\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062f\u0645\u062c \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062b \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0639\u0636\u0644\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a \u0648\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0639\u0628<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062d\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u0627\u0641\u064a\u0629\u061b \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u201d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u064a\u062f. \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0637\u0628\u0642 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a 976 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0636\u064a\u0642\u0629 (\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0644\u064a 1-2 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0634\u0628\u0643 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a (VBG)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u062a\u0636\u064a\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u060c \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u063a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a<\/strong>. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u062c\u0627\u062d \u0642\u0641\u0644 VBG \u064a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0643\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u201d \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0632\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/a> \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong>. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0631\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u201d (\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0643\u064a) \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 VBG \u0633\u064a\u0642\u0641\u0644 \u062c\u0632\u0621\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u0642\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0642\u0645\u0645 \u201c\u0637\u0641\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629\u201d \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0628\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0643\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u062e\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0645\u0645 \u062c\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0646\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0645\u0646 10 \u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 5 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0647\u0645 \u0633\u062a\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062f\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0633\u0639 \u0645\u0646 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0647\u0648 \u0646\u0642\u0637\u0629 \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0646\u0649 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0623\u062e\u0630 \u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0639\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0633\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u062f\u064a\u0646\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0643\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u0628\u0627\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0645\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 (TCO)<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

\u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0641\u0634\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0631\u062e\u064a\u0635\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645. A \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u0644\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0622\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a ($L$) \u0644\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0623\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 ($T_j$):<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$L \\propto \\ exp(E_a \/ k T_j)$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644 $E_a$ \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0648$k$ \u0647\u0648 \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0644\u062a\u0632\u0645\u0627\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u062a\u062e\u0641\u064a\u0636 10 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u0642\u0637 \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 - \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 - \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0636\u0627\u0639\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632. \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u064a\u0643\u0644\u0641 20% \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062f\u0648\u0645 100% \u0623\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0635\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u062d\u0633\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u062f\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0648\u0648\u0642\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0627\u0626\u0639.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0627\u0644\u0636\u062e \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

1. \u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0625\u062d\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 20 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062a CW \u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0636 \u0628\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0646. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631 \u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642 \u0628\u0647 976 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0638\u0631\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u064a\u0637\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0648\u062a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646. \u0648\u0645\u0639 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629\u060c \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u201c\u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0641 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0628\u0639\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0646 \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645. \u0648\u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0635 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062c\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0641\u064a \u0641\u0634\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0647\u062f\u0641:<\/strong> 976 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a:<\/strong> < 1.0 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (FWHM).<\/li>\n\n\n\n
  • \u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644:<\/strong> \u0623\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 10 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 40 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

    3. \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

    \u0644\u0642\u062f \u0646\u0641\u0630\u0646\u0627 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0641\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0641\u0644\u201d \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633<\/strong><\/td>\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u064f\u062d\u0633\u064e\u0651\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
    \u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>976 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>976.2 \u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a (FWHM)<\/strong><\/td>4.5 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>0.8 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u0642\u0641\u0644 VBG)<\/td><\/tr>
    \u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629<\/strong><\/td>0.35 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\/ \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td>0.02 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\/ \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
    \u062f\u0644\u062a\u0627 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0628\u0627\u0631<\/strong><\/td>6.5 \u00b0C<\/td>1.8 \u00b0C<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u0648\u0649 \u0644\u0643\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f<\/strong><\/td>100 W<\/td>135 W<\/td><\/tr>
    \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>0.45 \u0643\/\u0648<\/td>0.28 \u0643\/\u0648<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

    4. \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 (QC) \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n
      \n
    • \u0631\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0627\u0626\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u0643\u0644 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637 \u0644\u062a\u0648\u062d\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0645\u062c\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633.<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0631\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0636\u063a\u0637 10 \u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0645 \u0648\u062c\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0633\u0631\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0641\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u201c\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637\u064b\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629\u201d.\u201d<\/li>\n\n\n\n
    • \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0644\u0627\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629:<\/strong> \u062a\u0645 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f 110% \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0646\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0623\u0643\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0629 (NAM) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u062f\u064a\u062f\u0629.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n

      5. \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u062a\u0645\u0629<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0630\u0648 \u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0641\u0627\u0626\u0642 \u0648\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 VBG\u060c \u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0646\u0627\u062a\u062c\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 20 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0648\u0627\u062a. \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0636\u062e\u0629 \u0645\u0646 75% \u0625\u0644\u0649 92%\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0628\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u0625\u062c\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0625\u062d\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0627.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a: \u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u062a\u0643\u0648\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      \u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0642\u062a\u0635\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
      \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u062a\u062e\u0645\u064a\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645<\/strong><\/td>\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 AuSn<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0644\u0628 AuSn<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a<\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u062d\u0627\u0633\u064a<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629 (MCC)<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641\u064a<\/strong><\/td>3 - 5 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>2 - 3 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>< 1 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0645\u0639 VBG)<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a<\/strong><\/td>5,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td>15,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td>> 20,000 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629<\/td><\/tr>
      \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639 (\u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0648\u0627\u062a\/\u0633\u0645\u00b2-\u0633\u0631)<\/strong><\/td>\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629<\/td>\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637<\/td>\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

      \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0626\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

      1. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u201d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0642\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u0625\u0646 \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0633\u0627\u0645\u0629\u201d \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062d\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062c\u0633\u062f\u064a \u0644\u0640 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0639\u062f\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062b<\/strong> \u0634\u0631\u064a\u0637. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u064a\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0636\u064a\u0628 \u0645\u0633\u0637\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u062a\u0645\u0627\u0645\u064b\u0627\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0639\u062b \u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0624\u0631\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0645 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 (FAC). \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062c\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0644 \u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0621 \u0641\u064a \u0623\u0644\u064a\u0627\u0641 \u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0629. \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 AuSn \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0637\u064a\u062d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.5 \u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      2. \u0644\u0645\u0627\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u064f\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 AuSn \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062f\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0646\u0627\u0639\u0645 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u201c\u064a\u0632\u062d\u0641\u201d \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0636\u063a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0642\u062a. AuSn (\u0627\u0644\u0630\u0647\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0635\u062f\u064a\u0631) \u0647\u0648 \u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0635\u0644\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0631\u0627\u0628\u0637\u0629 \u0635\u0644\u0628\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0629. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u063a\u0645 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0648\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 CTE\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong> \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0621\u064b \u062b\u0627\u0628\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0633\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      3. \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0647 \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0622\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0629\u201d (NAM) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u0625\u0646 NAM \u0647\u0648 \u0639\u0644\u0627\u062c \u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635 \u0641\u064a \u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0623\u0634\u0628\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u062a\u0645\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0635 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u062d\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a (COD). \u0645\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 NAM\u060c \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0644\u0648\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0640 \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      4. \u0647\u0644 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u064a\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u0646\u0639\u0645\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u062a\u0628\u0631\u064a\u062f \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629. \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u064a\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0621 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0635\u0641\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u0633\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0648\u0627\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0647\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0631\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639 \u0641\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0641\u064a \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0642\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0636\u064a.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

      5. \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646\u0646\u064a \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064b\u0627\u061f<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

      \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0642\u0628\u0629 \u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0644\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a (OSA) \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u063a\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0631\u0643. \u0633\u064a\u064f\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062f\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631 \u0627\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0627\u062d\u064b\u0627 \u0636\u0626\u064a\u0644\u064b\u0627 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0645\u0639 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a\u0627\u0631\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u063a\u0644\u0642\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u0648\u062c\u0627\u062a VBG \u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639<\/strong>.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

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