{"id":4117,"date":"2026-01-16T13:53:08","date_gmt":"2026-01-16T05:53:08","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/?p=4117"},"modified":"2026-01-23T14:12:43","modified_gmt":"2026-01-23T06:12:43","slug":"%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ab%d9%88%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/laserdiode-ld.com\/ar\/%d9%87%d9%86%d8%af%d8%b3%d8%a9-%d9%81%d9%8a%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%a7%d8%a1-%d9%88%d9%85%d9%88%d8%ab%d9%88%d9%82%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%b2%d8%b1-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b5%d9%85%d8%a7%d9%85-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ab-2","title":{"rendered":"\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a: \u0627\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0632\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a"},"content":{"rendered":"

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\u0627\u0644\u0639\u062f\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a \u0644\u0640 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/a><\/strong> \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0632 \u0625\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0628 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639\u064a\u060c \u0648\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0638\u0644\u0645 (DLDs). \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0647\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0639\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648 \u062a\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0643\u062b\u0627\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u062b\u0641\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u062c\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a. \u0648\u0645\u0646 \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0629\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0646\u0645\u0648 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u064a\u0648\u0628 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0644\u0629 \u0623\u0631\u0647\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0633:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

$1T$R = A \\cdot J^n \\cdot \\cdot \\expot \\left(- \\frac{E_a}{k_B T_j}\\right)$1T$<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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\n
\"\"<\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

\u0648\u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u062a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0648\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a (ECLD) \u0635\u0631\u064a\u0641\u064b\u0627 \u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0628\u0639\u0627\u062f (VHG) \u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u062a\u063a\u0630\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u062c \u0628\u0639\u0631\u0636 \u062e\u0637\u064a \u0636\u064a\u0642 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 (<100 \u0643\u064a\u0644\u0648 \u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632) \u0648\u062b\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 ($ \\frac{d\\lambda}{dT} \\tt} \\t\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 0.01 \\tx 0.01 \\t{nm\\\u00b0\u062c}$). \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u062e\u0635\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0645\u0639\u0631\u0641\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u0625\u0630\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u064a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u062a\u062b\u0628\u064a\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0648 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0645\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u062d\u064a\u0648\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/a><\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a: \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

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\u0625\u0646 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646\u062a\u062c \u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0647\u0630\u0627 (BPP) \u0647\u0648 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627. \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0648\u0631 (FAC) - \u063a\u0627\u0644\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0627 \u062a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u062f\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0643\u0631\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0635\u0646\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0643\u0633\u0627\u0631 - \u0628\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0643\u0631\u0648\u0646. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0630\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u062a\u0649 500 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062e\u0633\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0639. \u0648\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u064b\u0627 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0643\u0648\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0627\u0626\u062f\u0629. \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/strong> \u062a\u0634\u062a\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0628\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0628\u0633\u0651\u0637 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0645\u062c \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0647\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u064a\u0632\u064a\u062f \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0643\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u062d\u062f\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0648\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a (WPE)<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631<\/strong> \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 (WPE)\u060c \u0648\u0647\u064a \u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0648\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0647\u0631\u0628\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629. \u0641\u064a \u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a GaAs \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a GaAs \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 60%\u060c \u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0648\u064a\u0644 40% \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0628\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0635\u063a\u064a\u0631 \u062c\u062f\u064b\u0627. \u0625\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 ($Z_TZ{th}$) \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0632\u0645\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u0639\u0646\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u062c\u0627\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u062c\u0629. \u0648\u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0628\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644\u060c \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0646\u064a\u062a\u0631\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0644\u0648\u0645\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0645 (AlN) \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631. \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u062f\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0633\u0639\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631\u064a<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0636\u0631\u0648\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629. \u064a\u0645\u0643\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0630\u064a $R_{th}$ \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0642\u0648\u0629 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0638\u0647\u0631 \u201c\u063a\u0631\u062f\u201d \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0628\u0636\u064a\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062f\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0646\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0642\u064a\u0642.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a: \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0627\u0637\u0639<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u0648\u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0630\u062c\u064a \u0644\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 ($T_j$) \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a \u0644\u0640 AlGaAs 808nm AlGaAs \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f<\/strong>. \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u0636\u062d \u0633\u0628\u0628 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0646\u0641\u0633 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0646\u0641\u0633\u0647.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u062d\u0631\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0644\u0629 (Tj)<\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0633\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 (\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a)<\/strong><\/td>\u062a\u062d\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u062c\u064a (\u0394\u03bb)<\/strong><\/td>\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0627\u0631 (WPE)<\/strong><\/td>\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0634\u0644<\/strong><\/td><\/tr><\/thead>
25 \u062f\u0631\u062c\u0629 \u0645\u0626\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/strong><\/td>30,000+<\/td>0.0 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 (\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u062c\u0639)<\/td>62%<\/td><\u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.01% (\u0631\u0636\u064a\u0639)<\/td><\/tr>
45\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>12,000<\/td>+5.6 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>55%<\/td>0.5% (\u062a\u062f\u0647\u0648\u0631)<\/td><\/tr>
65\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>4,500<\/td>+11.2 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>48%<\/td>2.1% (\u0646\u0645\u0648 DLD)<\/td><\/tr>
85\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td>1,200<\/td>+16.8 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>39%<\/td>8.5% (\u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u062c\u0647)<\/td><\/tr>
105\u00b0C<\/strong><\/td><200<\/td>+22.4 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631<\/td>28%<\/td>> 25% (\u0643\u0627\u0631\u062b\u064a)<\/td><\/tr><\/tbody><\/table><\/figure>\n\n\n\n

\u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629: \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/h3>\n\n\n\n

\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u064a\u0644:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0627\u062c \u0645\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062d\u0644 \u0644\u064a\u0632\u0631 \u062f\u064a\u0648\u062f 915 \u0646\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0644\u064a \u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0627\u0628\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u201c\u0642\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0648\u064a\u0629\u201d \u0645\u0648\u062d\u062f \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0636\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0630\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0633\u0642 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645 \u0628\u0637\u0648\u0644 200 \u0645\u0645.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0647\u064a \u201c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629\u201d \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0644\u0641 \u062a\u0639\u0631\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0639\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u062c\u0645\u0629 \u0639\u0646 \u0636\u0639\u0641 \u062c\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0636\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0643\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u0635\u0644\u0648\u0646 \u0639\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0642\u064b\u0627. \u062a\u0633\u0628\u0628\u062a \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0642\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u062e\u0646\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0642 \u0645\u0648\u0636\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0631\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u062f\u0649 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644 \u0631\u0641\u0636 15%. \u0648\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0648\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0630\u0644\u0643\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0637\u0648\u0627\u0644 \u0623\u064a\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u062e\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0646\u064a \u0623\u0646 \u0623\u064a \u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0626\u064a \u064a\u0624\u062f\u064a \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0637\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0644\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n